Genetic Analysis of Yield and its Components in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.).

A total of 39 Groundnut accessions were used in this research work. Analysis of variance revealed significant difference among genotypes for all the seven characters studied. The magnitude of PCV and GCV was moderate to high for dry podyield and kernal yield. High heritability was recorded for hundred kernal weight, dry podyield and kernal yield. High heritability combined with high genetic advance was recorded for dry pod yield and kernal yield indicating that these characters are controlled by additive gene effect and phenotypic selection of these characters would be effective for further breeding purpose.

Association Analysis in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.).

Character association and path analysis between yield and its contributing traits were studied in 54 sesame genotypes. Analysis of variance revealed the existence of significant differences among genotypes for all characters studied. Seed yield was significant positively correlated with number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, test weight and plant height. Path coefficient analysis indicated that number of seeds per capsule, number of capsules per plant was important traits to be considered for realizing the improvement in yield.

Genetic Variability Studies in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.).

The evaluation of phenotypic variability, heritability and genetic advance in germplasm collections is important for both plant breeders and germplasm curators to optimize the use of the variability available. A total of 50 sesame accessions were used in this research work. Analysis of variance revealed significant difference among genotypes for all the nine characters studied. The magnitude of PCV and GCV was moderate to high for seed yield per plant, number of capsules per plant and number of branches per plant. High heritability was recorded for days to maturity, days to 50% flowering, seed yield per plant, number of capsules per plant and number of branches per plant. High heritability combined with high genetic advance was recorded for seed yield per plant, number of capsules per plant and number of branches per plant indicating that these characters are controlled by additive gene effect and phenotypic selection of these characters would be effective for further breeding purpose.

Genetic Variability and Association Analysis in Rice.

Genetic variability, character association and path analysis between yield and its contributing traits were studied in 49 Rice cultures. Analysis of variance revealed the existence of significant differences among genotypes for all characters studied. The magnitude of PCV and GCV was moderate to high for number of grains per panicle, test weight and grain yield. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for test weight and grain yield indicating the role of additive gene in expressing these traits. Grain yield was significant positively correlated with number of grains per panicle, panicle length and test weight. Path coefficient analysis indicated that number of grains per panicle, test weight and productive tillers per square meter were essential traits to be considered for realizing the improvement in yield.

Genetic variability and association among the various characters in groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea L).

Seventy five groundnut genotypes were evaluated for yield and yield component characters indicated the existence of considerable genetic variation in the present investigation. The components of variance revealed that the phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the characters studied indicating the role of environmental variance in the total variance. The magnitude of PCV and GCV was moderate to high for number of pods per plant, kernel yield, dry pod yield, hundred kernel weight, dry haulm yield. Heritability in broad sense was higher in most of the characters viz., hundred kernel weight, plant height, kernel yield, dry pod yield and number of pods per plant. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for hundred kernel weight, plant height, kernel yield, dry pod yield and number of pods per plant indicating the role of additive gene in expressing these traits. Pod yield was positively correlated with kernel yield, number of pods per plant, hundred kernel weight and shelling percent. Non significant positive association of pod yield noticed with dry haulm yield. However, significant negative association with plant height and non significant negative association with days to 50 percent flowering and days to maturity were observed. Direct positive effect of kernel yield, no of pods per plant and hundred kernel weight was revealed on pod yield. Hence, a direct selection criterion should be followed for traits viz., no of pods per plant and hundred kernel weight to improve the pod yield.

Correlation and path analysis studies in gallmidge resistant cultures of rice (oryza sativa l.).

Correlation and path coefficient analysis was carried out for yield and yield components in 21 gall midge resistant rice genotypes. Number of grains per panicle, days to 50% flowering and panicle length had a significant positive association with yield and also had a positive direct effect on grain yield. These traits contributed maximum to higher grain yield compared to other characters, thus, selection for these characters helps in selection of superior gallmidge resistant genotypes in rice.